Goat vs. Cow Milk Cheese: What Are the Main Differences?

Cheese coming from cow's milk or goat's milk may seem like distant cousins at first glance, but they are actually quite different! Do you know what these differences are? Fortunately for you, we’ve pointed out some of them below. Are you ready for some cheesy knowledge?

Goat Cheese: What is it?

Any cheese made solely from goat's milk is known as goat cheese or chèvre in French. Goat milk has a low casein content, which results in tiny, breakable curds. Goat cheese can turn chalky, brittle, or earthy as it matures. 

Goat cheese is typically creamy, spreadable, and tart when young. Because it contains a lot of vitamin A, goat cheese appears slightly brighter. This type of cheese is also packed with vitamins E, K, B6, and B3 (niacin). The taste of goat cheese is quite unique because of the presence of medium-chain fatty acids like caprylic and capric acid.

There are three critical differences between cheese made with goat’s milk and that made with cow's milk. We’ve listed them below: 

Nutrition: Goat milk has a slight edge over bovine dairy regarding fat and nutrients but is lower in lactose, vitamin D, and riboflavin. Cow's milk has more giant lipid molecules than goat's milk, which makes it harder to process and gives it a heavier texture. Lactose-sensitive people might be able to consume goat's milk cheese because it has smaller fat molecules and less lactose than cow's milk cheese.

Flavor: Cow's milk is preferred for cheese production because of its mild, neutral flavor and more cohesive protein structure. Compared to cow's milk cheese, goat cheese tends to be smoother and tangier.

Accessibility: Cow's milk cheese is much more widely accessible. While goat's milk is usually produced locally in small batches, cow's milk is less expensive and more widely available.

Popular slices of cheese made from cow's milk

From cow's milk, a variety of well-known cheeses are produced, including: 

Fresh Cow Cheeses

The best cheeses are those that can be spread and are produced from fresh cows. Many new pieces of cheese are usually made with cow's milk, such as quark in Austria, cream cheese in the United Kingdom, mascarpone in Italy, queso fresco in Mexico, cottage cheese in the United States, and fromage blanc in France.

Soft and Semi-Soft Cow Cheeses

Cow cheeses that are soft or semi-soft have a creamy texture and maintain their form. French cheese like Brie, Camembert, and Port Salut are a few of these. American cheeses Wisconsin Brick and Monterey Jack are also included.

Blue Cheeses 

Blue growing lines on cheese make it easy to identify. The British delicacies Gorgonzola and Stilton (from Italy) are the most well-known blue cheeses made from cow’s milk.

Hard and Semi-Hard Cow Cheeses

The finest aged hard or semi-hard cow cheeses have a firm texture, making them perfect for slicing and grating. Emmental from Switzerland, Gruyère from France, Swiss and Colby from the United States, Cheddar from the United Kingdom, Gouda and Edam from the Netherlands, and Parmesan and Provolone from Italy are some of the hard bovine cheeses available today (Italy).

High-Fat Cheeses

The rind of high-fat cheeses contains a soft, cream-like material. Double cream (over 60% fat content) and triple cream (over 72%) are high-fat cheeses resembling Brie but are much heavier. These include cheeses like Brillat-Savarin, Explorateur, Gratte-Paille, and others from the French Fin-de-Siècle period.

Common Goat's Milk Cheeses

The chèvre - a soft, spreadable raw cheese - comes to mind when we think of goat's milk cheese. However, almost any type of cheese can be made with goat's milk, including:

- Crottin de Chavignol is a type of hard goat cheese (France)

- Goat cheeses that melt quickly, such as Chabichou, Cabécou, and Banon (France)

- French blue goat cheeses include Humboldt Fog and Valençay